This book sets an overview of the environmental and social impact assessment of mining in Democratic Republic of the Congo (DRC) and focuses on Mai-Mai militia motivations and their attitudes toward sexual violence. According to most sources, 5,5 million people have died since the beginning of the war in the DRC in 1994, and rape was used as a weapon of destruction. Sexual violence is so severe in the DRC that some have described rape in the country as the worst in the world.