Lead pollution is a global concern because of its ubiquity in the environment. Children are more vulnerable to lead exposure than adults. We reported the blood lead levels and asoociated health risks to children of Lucknow, India. To the best of our knowledge this is the first comprehensive study from a particular region of the vast country and is a pointer to the perils of environmental exposure to lead among children and address the attention of regulatory agencies to curtail the input of lead from different sources.